Paranormal Activities Genre Analysis Film Studies Essay

Paranormal Activities Genre Analysis Film Studies Essay This essay will analyse the text of the movie Paranormal activity 2 by using the theory of genre and compare it with a the older version of the same movie Paranormal Activities, and also The Abandoned 2006, to reach a decision about which genre is most suitable for this text and why. Genres are used to categorize films according to their elements and have set convections. There are many different types of genres like sci-fi, romantic, western, horror, comedy, etc. In this research I will be analyzing the film Paranormal activity 2 using the theory of genre analysis by its major elements and icons like sounds, camera view, colours, background, objects and location. For example if we see flying UFOs in a movie that probably means it is a Science fiction movie of the sci-fi genre. Some films have elements of more than one genre, this is called hybrid genre. I have divided my research essay into several parts, starting with explaining the theory and approach of genre. Genres are also sub categorized according to their special qualities, for example in horror genre, sub-categories are The Gothic, Supernatural , Occult, Ghost Films, Psychological Horror, Monster Movies, Slashers, Body horror, Splatter, Gore Films, Exploitation Cinema, Video Nasties and many more (Cherr y, 2009, p. 5). Genre theory is used in the study and making of films in order to categorize the films. Genre is the type of a film or it is based on a theme; for example horror , thriller , western , romance and many more. Films are ascribed to particular genre in other ways also, such as narrative, actors and director. By using genre theory we can describe the type of film (Film Studies essay on Genre, 2006). When audiences think about the western genre they know that within this film category they may expect to see gun fights, horses and cowboys. Another example would be horror films where the audience knows everyone will die except one. The audiences who go to those films expect to see zombies, werewolves and more. They also expect certain content and a certain style of film making; therefore genre is a way of colouring the film on the basis of different elements and themes (Wetjen, Deshotels, 2005). In this part of the essay I will analyze the movie Paranormal activity 2 on the basis of theory of genre. In the movie Paranormal Activity 2 the name speaks the genre itself; paranormal activities were never proved as they are supernatural and cannot be proved. Paranormal means not in accordance with scientific laws, unnatural or something which is not normal (Coraor, 2008). The movie Paranormal activity 2 was directed by Tod Williams and written by Oren Peli who has been a writer and director in lots of films. He has always been more interested in writing horror and documentary. Paranormal activity 2 is a remake of the movie Paranormal activity in 2007 which was written and directed by Oren Peli. The same storyline has been used to remake this movie (Doc Films, 2007). The actors have the same name as the characters in the movie, Katie and Micah, These actors were not celebrities, and they are plotted in the movie to give a generalised and realistic feel. There is, no supervening celebrity identity, no star persona, to yank us out of the fiction, to remind us simply by gravitational necessity that there must be a reality outside the fiction (Rehak, 2010). In the story of the movie we see there is a couple. Micah and Katie who just moved into stay together in San Diego. Starting from the first day Katie notices some spooky things happening in their house when they sleep. Micah takes it as if Katie is just joking, but when he himself notices weird things happening in their house, he buys a handy camera to know what happens when they go to sleep. The very first night he doesn t get anything in the recording but on the second day he perceives that the door opened itself at 03:00 A.M when they were asleep. He sets the camera on recording every night and observes new things happening every night, but on a random night he noticed Katie got up, stood by the door for 3 hours then went back to bed. The things kept happening in their house and finally Katie decided to call a demonologist, who wasn t able to help them. In the end of the film there is a scene in which Katie wakes up and goes down to the lounge, and just after a few seconds she scr eams, Micah runs down and notices that Katie was overruled by the evil and in the last scene she hits Micah on the camera, the hit was so quick that it actually fills the viewer with more fear. Micah dies and Katie went missing (Bundy, 2009), (Follett, 2009). There are some major horror elements noticed in the movie which proves the horror genre approach. Firstly I will discuss the sounds in the movie. In the movie audio is the major element. There are lots of different sounds which relate it to the horror genre. These sounds are used for creating real time feelings. The sounds used in movies for special effects or dubbing are called Foleys. Foleys used in this movie are hitting sounds, heavy footsteps, screaming, musical cues and some classical horror music. The footsteps and other unexpected sounds are mostly used to show someone s presence, but when we find out there is no one around, it builds up fear. Same is the case of hitting sound or crash, they are mostly used to break the viewer s attention and create fear. The reason is when someone watches a suspense or a horror sequence they get so much involved into it that their eyes doesn t allow any type of interference, the role of hitting sound is to break the concentration which keeps on increasing fear in viewers. The hitting sound is mostly used to show that something happened which is not in front of our eyes. The Music in the horror films are sounds that most of the audience recognize. A long eerie musical made using strings or horns as the victim approaches a closed door (for example), followed by a violent orchestral hit as the victim opens the door to encounter whatever is hidden behind it. This is a type of musical cue that is quite common in horror films. Whenever the audience hears this build-up, it knows that something is going to happen (H binette, 1999). The other major element of the horror genre noticed was a screaming sound, which generates a feel that something harmful happened. The Screaming challenges the horror movie genre s damsel in distress by inverting the power dynamics and charging the scream with a potency that overcomes any would-be menace (McDonald, 2010) Most of the paranormal activities in the movie took place in the night. Darkness is an important element of the horror genre and is often used in horror films. Darkness is used in horror films to sustain the fear and creates the feeling of being isolated. In the darkness, things are hardly visible, so if one cannot see anything, it will create tension and fear in their mind Mortals fear Night chiefly because she brings darkness, and with it inability to see that is frustrating and terrifying (Simone). A basic handy camera has been used to give it a more personalised feel. Most of the shots in the movie were point of view shots (POV). POV shots are used to make the viewer feel as if they are looking from their own eyes; make them feel a part of the film and also to show as if the viewer is looking through the eyes of a specific character. A sequence that is shot as if the viewer were looking through the eyes of a specific character. The shot is a common trick of the horror film: that is, we are placed in the position of the killer who is slowly sneaking up on a victim. Note that horror directors sometimes cheat with this device; that is, after a building of suspense, it can also turn out that we were not in the position of the killer after all (Dino, 2002). Most of the film has been shot in a bedroom to give it a more personal feel. As in an article Peli said. But if you set up the setting for all the horrific things in someone s bedroom then that s what you re going to be thinking about when you re lying in bed trying to fall asleep (Anjos, 2009). This makes a person feel that it might happen when they sleep. The door in the movie is used as the medium of tension, as we can see that the door has been placed as a border between the evil and the characters. All the activities in the movie take place in relation with the door even if it is around of within. Over the two weeks of recordings, the demonic presence becomes stronger every night, ranging from the doors moving and footsteps to even more scream-inducing moments (Ryder, 2009). The movie comes under the sub genre Supernatural, occult and ghost film as we can notice presence of evil in the movie which means it is related to supernatural elements like evils, etc. Films that involves interventions of spirits, ghosts, witchcrafts, devils and other entities into the real world, often featuring uncanny elements (Cherry, 2009, p. 5). The conclusion is that genres are categories of films based on different elements and theme. The genre approach is used to analyse a movie using the genre theory. Using genre approach this research proves that locations, darkness, hitting sound, screaming, dark colours are elements of horror genre. All these elements together create tension, suspense and fear. The activities happen in the house were supernatural as they have a relation with evil spirits and so it come under the sub-genre Supernatural, occult and ghost film . Thus the research proves that the movie Paranormal Activity 2 is a Horror film with supernatural activities. In this research I have learned that all these elements together give a greater impact and complete the convention of horror genre.

Ada Research Paper

DORRIS 1 Dominique Dorris Meyers BASK Reading October 25, 2012 Americans With Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities act is a law that was created by the US congress in 1990 and signed into law by George W. Bush on July 26, 1990. The ADA is civil rights act that prohibits discrimination on people with disabilities. In 1975 the Education for All Handicapped Children Act was passed. Before this act was passed only one out of five children with disabilities attended a public school, according to the U. S. department of Education (L. S).There was a Civil Rights Act of 1964 created that made discrimination based on race, religion, sex, and other characteristics illegal. The original intent of the law was to create a civil rights law for people with disabilities that would be permanent, would not be able to be weakened, and would stop all discrimination. The ADA was suppose to be a flexible set of laws that could only be strengthened and never weakened. Title 1. 1 of the American s with disabilities act is employment, and explains how people shall not discriminate against qualified individuals with disabilities. Title I prohibits employers with fifteen or more employers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in a job application procedures, hiring, DORRIS 2 advancement, compensation, job training, and other conditions and privileges of employment simply because they have disabilities† (K, S). Title 1. 2 of the ADA discusses public entities and public transportation. It prohibits discrimination by all public entities. This includes physical access for Accessible Design. Public entities and transportation have to have accessible utilities for disabled people.Title II applies to public transportation provided by public entities through regulations by the U. S. Department of transportation. Title II also applies to all state and local public housing, housing assistance, and housing referrals. Title 1. 3 of the ADA prohibits dis crimination of disability in the activities of places of public accommodation. This law indicates that all restaurants, movie theatres, buildings, etc. are accessible for people with disabilities. Title III has had more effect on the lives of Americans with Disabilities than any other ADA title.Individuals with and without disabilities should be accessible to do the same things throughout life. Title 1. 4 of the ADA is Telecommunications. â€Å"The law requires that all telephone companies that provide telephone voice transmission services, whether interstate or intrastate, also provide telephone relay services that allow people who are hearing or speech impaired to place and receive calls through devices to or from people who do not use such devices† (American Rehabilitation). This act led to installing public teletypewriter machines and other TDDs. TDD’s are the telecommunication devices for the deaf.For blind people they will change all written texts into voice mess ages and will change all voice recordings into texts for the deaf. DORRIS 3 The last title of the ADA is miscellaneous provisions. Title V includes technical provisions and this law applies to and person that prevents an individual from exercising his or her rights. This is any form of retaliation including threats, intimidation, or interference is not allowed if it is intended to interfere in a negative way. Any person who exercises their rights under the ADA or helps someone else in exercising their rights is protected from retaliation.Since the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 was created, there have been a lot of changes made that have positively affected people with disabilities. â€Å"This long awaited piece of federal legislation was expected to protect individuals with disabilities from discrimination in employment opportunities and ensure and access to various social institutions† (Bowman). The ADA helped people with disabilities get jobs, make social places a nd transportation accessible for them and even created phone operator systems to help translate messages to deaf and blind people.The Americans With Disabilities Act made disabled individuals feel accepted and they were not discriminated anymore in things they wished to do. Contrary to the positive outcomes of the ADA there were also still downfalls for people who had disabilities. â€Å"Pro-business conservative commentators mentioned that the Americans With Disabilities Act was an expensive headache to millions†(Doherty 18). Because of all the changes that had to be made to make things accessible for people with disabilities it ended up being very costly for everyone. Even though the ADA was created some cases of disabilities were not DORRIS 4 covered. Some courts even found that individuals with serious conditions such as diabetes and cancer were not covered by the ADA† (B,L). Unfortunately some bars and clubs were not changed to fit the needs of people with disabili ties. Even though the Americans with Disabilities act had many positive affects, some individuals still unable to do certain things. After researching about the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, I think that it was a great idea to create such an amazing act. I feel as if people with disabilities should be able to do as much as they can in order to live a happy and normal life just like everyone else.Even though there are downfalls of the ADA individuals have a lot more rights then they ever had several years ago before the act was established. If I was disabled I would want to be able to live my life just like every other person, and the ADA helped people feel that they could. The most interesting and best idea that the ADA had was title 1. 4 telecommunications. This was an amazing idea and helped both the deaf and blind. DORRIS 5 Work Cited Page Bowman, L. (2011). Americans with disabilities act as amended: Principles and practice. New Directions For Adult & Continuing Educa tion, (132), 85-95. oi:10. 1002/ace. 434 Doherty, Brian. Reason, Aug-Sep 95, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p. 18 Kopels, S. (1995). THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT: A TOOL TO COMBAT POVERTY. Journal Of Social Work Education, 31(3), 337-346. LAFEE, S. (2011). The Americans With Disabilities Act at 20. Education Digest, 76(7), 51-55. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. (cover story). (1990). American Rehabilitation, 16(2), 2. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. (October 2012). Retreived October 23, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Americans_with_Disabilities_Act_of _1990

Suicide and Depression Among Black Males - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 381 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Depression Essay Did you like this example? Roughly three hundred years ago, more than twelve million Africans were stolen from their country and robbed of their jewels with the intentions of being enslaved in the New World. The New World consisted of the Americas and the Caribbean. During the tracherous journey, only about ten million survived. Slaves were forced onto ships to be transported to another country where many diseases were contracted due to the very poor and unhealthy conditions. They suffered from mental and physical abuse. Those who died during the two month or longer journey, were thrown overboard to be fed to the sharks. Men were seprerated from women and children being held below deck meaning they would be cramped together with little to no space to move, along with leg irons to keep them from trying to escape. As far as women and children, they were sometimes kept on deck which often would result in sexual abuse from the Europeans. They were only fed twice a day and those who refused, were fed forcefully. Upon arrival, captives would be covered in palm oil to disguise wounds and sore contracted while being on board. The voyage was so traumatizing and atrocious, that captives would either just die or commit suicide, those who rejected orders were punished, and others decided to just submit to the given orders to keep some type of dignity. The reason for specifically targeting Africans was because of how healthy and able bodied they were. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Suicide and Depression Among Black Males" essay for you Create order In contrast to Native Americans, Africans possessed the immunity to diseases such as malaria and smallpox. Bringing Africans to the New World meant they would be forced to work long hours of the day doing a variety of work. They would pick crops on the plantations, work as craft workers, making guns, coopers, etc. and some were to do domestic duties such as servants, nurses and cooks. This created a horrific system that made the Europeans a huge profit while slaves were tortured, with no pay for their hard labor. The system was so dehumanizing, africans were also sold and auctioned off to other slave owners, children were taken away from their mothers, and wives were disgracefully taken away from their husbands which meant there was a very minute chance of the families ever seeing one another again.

Term Paper on Answer 3 Questions Psychology

Answer 3 Questions Psychology 1)What is Psychology? 2)What are its goals? 3)How will the study of Psychology benefit you? Q.1. In accordance with the argument of Ciccarelli and White, Psychology can be defined as the study of the mind and character and the relationship that exists between them. In addition, it tries to bring about a connection that exists between the mental, physiological and behavioral characteristics of humans. It also tries to explain about the unconscious mind and how it eventually influences the behavior of humans. According to David , â€Å"psychology is the science of human and animal behavior and experience†. He perceives psychology as ‘a science’ because it depends on the scientific methods in developing various explanations and justifications to psychological facts. In addition, he argues that scientific methods act like a reference material for qualifying psychological findings. He also says that some people define psychology as an ‘art’ which is mainly the application part where by, psychologists use their skills and experience in solving mental or emotional problems. Q.2.The main goal in studying psychology is to be able to investigate and understand the human nature. Some of the important aims of studying psychology in understanding the human nature include: Determining the fundamental principles of behavior, investigating the nature of the human memory, understanding the difference that that exists between perception of space and reality, and understanding causes and effects of sensation (James, 1-383). In addition, other human factors which are also explored include: The ability to pay attention, learn, memorize, understand and being able to remember; physiological functioning of the brain; the mental connection between the mind and the brain, and factors that promote or hinder interpersonal relationships. In addition, psychology aims at being able to use scientific methods to investigate, analyze, interpret, draw conclusions and be able to find solutions to human problems especially mental illnesses like schizophrenia. This is achieved by psychologists who are trained to offer advice to the mentally ill. Q.3.The study of psychology may help me in various ways. First, in understanding the human nature and behavior, I might be able to measure, conceptualize, understand and predict the future reactions of people I interact with and be able to control how they behave. Secondly, understanding psychology may equip me with cognitive skills of understanding and explaining various occurrences or issues in terms of personality, the social environment, the past experiences, the physiological setup, blood chemistry or biological malfunctions. In addition, these cognitive skills may help me in dealing with some mental diseases like schizophrenia (David, 28). Bibliography Ciccarelli, S.K., and White, J. N. Psychology. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. David, Myers. Psychology: Exploring Behavior. 7th ed. Michigan: Worth Publishers, 2008. Retrieved from http://dakota.fmpdata.net/PsychAI/PrintFiles/Chptr_01.pdf James, Williams. The Principles of Psychology. Vol. 2. New York. Cosimo, Inc., 2007. 2 Vols.